MPLS Ebooks

MPLS Fundamentals

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Mpls Fundamentals

Selecting MPLS VPN Services

Selecting MPLS VPN Services helps you analyze migration options, anticipate migration issues, and properly deploy IP/MPLS VPNs. Detailed configurations illustrate effective deployment while case studies present available migration options and walk you through the process of selecting the best option for your network.

Selecting MPLS VPN Services By Chris Lewis and Steve Pickavance

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Selecting MPLS VPN Services

MPLS and VPN Architectures, Volume II

MPLS and VPN Architectures, Volume II, begins with a brief refresher of the MPLS VPN Architecture. Part II describes advanced MPLS VPN connectivity including the integration of service provider access technologies (dial, DSL, cable, Ethernet) and a variety of routing protocols (IS-IS, EIGRP, and OSPF), arming the reader with the knowledge of how to integrate these features into the VPN backbone.

By Ivan Pepelnjak, Jim Guichard, and Jeff Apcar

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Mpls and Vpn Architectures II

MPLS and Next-Generation Networks: Foundations for NGN and Enterprise Virtualization

Understand the business case for deploying MPLS-based services and solutions

• Provides network managers and architects a precise MPLS primer
• Defines MPLS service problems and their associated solutions
• Includes ROI models for MPLS-based solutions
• Discusses pros and cons of various options for each MPLS service

By Azhar Sayeed and Monique J. Morrow

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MPLS and Next Generation Networks

MPLS Dumps & Labs

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MPLS Actual Test updated on 06/10/08

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MPLS Lab Guides

MPLS

MPLS Overview:

Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) defines a mechanism for packet forwarding in network routers. It was originally developed to provide faster packet forwarding than traditional IP routing, although improvements in router hardware have reduced the importance of speed in packet fowarding. However, the flexibility of MPLS has led to it becoming the default way for modern networks to achieve Quality of Service (QoS), next generation VPN services, and optical signaling.

Traditional IP networks are connectionless: when a packet is received, the router determines the next hop using the destination IP address on the packet alongside information from its own forwarding table. The router's forwarding tables contain information on the network topology. They use an IP routing protocol, such as OSPF, IS-IS, BGP, RIP or static configuration, to keep their information synchronized with changes in the network.

MPLS also uses IP addresses, either v4 or v6, to identify end points and intermediate switches and routers. This makes MPLS networks IP-compatible and easily integrated with traditional IP networks. However, unlike traditional IP, MPLS flows are connection-oriented and packets are routed along pre-configured Label Switched Paths (LSPs).

How does MPLS work?

MPLS works by tagging packets with an identifier (a label) to distinguish the LSPs. When a packet is received, the router uses this label (and sometimes also the link over which it was received) to identify the LSP. It then looks up the LSP in its own forwarding table to determine the best link over which to forward the packet, and the label to use on this next hop.
A different label is used for each hop, and it is chosen by the router or switch performing the forwarding operation. This allows the use of very fast and simple forwarding engines, as the router can select the label to minimize processing.

Ingress routers at the edge of the MPLS network use the packet's destination address to determine which LSP to use. Inside the network, the MPLS routers use only the LSP labels to forward the packet to the egress router.

In the diagram above, LSR (Label Switched Router) A uses the destination IP address on each packet to select the LSP, which determines the next hop and initial label for each packet (21 and 17). When LSR B receives the packets, it uses these labels to identify the LSPs, from which it determines the next hops (LSRs D and C) and labels (47 and 11). The egress routers (LSRs D and C) strip off the final label and route the packet out of the network.

As MPLS uses only the label to forward packets, it is protocol-independent, hence the term "Multi-Protocol" in MPLS. Packet forwarding has been defined for all types of layer-2 link technologies, with a different label encoding used in each case.

MPLS Protocols

MPLS defines only the forwarding mechanism; it uses other protocols to establish the LSPs. Two separate protocols are needed to perform this task: a routing protocol and a signaling protocol.

MPLS Routing Protocols:

The routing protocol distributes network topology information through the network so that the LSP can be calculated. An interior gateway protocol, such as OSPF or IS-IS, is normally used, as MPLS networks typically cover a single administrative domain.

However, these routing protocols only distribute network topology. When traffic engineering is required to establish LSPs with guaranteed QoS characteristics and backup LSPs that avoid any single point of failure, the traffic engineering (TE) extensions to these protocols are used. These extensions distribute QoS and Shared Risk Link Groups (SRLGs) information on each link in the network. This information enables the route calculator to determine routes through the network with guaranteed QoS parameters, and backup LSPs that traverse different links from the primary path.

Mechanisms to extend this traffic engineering to inter-area and inter-carrier routing are still being agreed. Our White Paper on "Inter-Area Routing, Path Selection and Traffic Engineering" provides a detailed discussion of this topic.

MPLS Signaling Protocols

The signaling protocol informs the switches along the route which labels and links to use for each LSP. This information is used to program the switching fabric. One of two main signaling protocols is used, depending on the network requirements.

• RSVP-TE is used where traffic engineering is required. LDP is used when traffic engineering is not required, as it needs less management.
  

BGP is also used as a combined routing and MPLS signaling protocol in some situations. An example of this is BGP/MPLS VPNs.

Advanced MPLS Applications:

Optical MPLS

The concept of a label has been extended in Generalized MPLS (GMPLS). In GMPLS, the label no longer needs to be carried as an identifier on the data flow, but may be implicit. For example, time-slots (in SONET/SDH) and wavelengths (in DWDM) can be labels. In these cases, the label switching operations translate to operations such as "switch this incoming wavelength onto this outgoing wavelength."

GMPLS is therefore ideal for optical networking, and many extensions to the protocols have been defined, including user-to-network interfaces and network-to-network interfaces.

MPLS in Hierarchical Networks

MPLS is ideal for hierarchical networks, where lower-layer switching entities (for example packets) are aggregated into a higher-layer entity, for example a time-slot, and then once again into a wavelength and a whole fiber. MPLS allows a label stack to be defined so that switches can switch higher-layer aggregations and ignore the lower levels of the label stack. When the flow arrives at a switch capable of handling lower-layer entities, the switch strips off the outer label and examines the next lower level in the stack.

One example of the use of label stacking is in BGP/MPLS VPNs, where a two-deep label stack is used.

A transport label is used to route aggregated VPN traffic to the destination edge router in the provider's network. This is conventional MPLS, using either RSVP-TE or LDP signaling.

Once at the destination edge router, the transport label is stripped off and the second label examined. This label identifies the specific VPN to which the flow belongs. These VPN labels are signaled in extensions to the BGP protocol.

CCNA 640-802 Dumps

Pass4sure Practice Exams for Cisco CCNA 640-802 are written to the highest standards of technical accuracy, using only certified subject matter experts and published authors for development.

You can pass the CCNA 640-802 certification exam by using the dumps listed below...................Please keep in mind practice makes man perfect (Labs should be practiced before taking the exams).

Pass4Sure Solutions:

Pass4Sure 640-802 version 3.22 Q-402

Pass4Sure 640-802 V 3.22 (Doubtful Question Explanation)

Pass4Sure 640-802 version 3.20 Q-394

Pass4Sure 640-802 Version 3.15 Q-347

Pass4Sure 640-802 Version 3.10 Q-254

Pass4Sure 640-802 Version 2.95 Q-254

Pass4Sure 640-802 Version 2.93 Q-254

If you have any type of missing main class error, follow the link and download JRE.

Enjoy

Cisco Router Password Recovery Procedure

Step-by-Step Procedure:

-----------------------------------
Attach a terminal or PC with terminal emulation to the console port of the router. Use the following terminal settings:
9600 baud rate No parity 8 data bits 1 stop bit No flow control
Type show version and record the setting of the configuration register. Click here to see output of a show version command.
The configuration register setting is usually 0x2102 or 0x102.
Using the switch, turn off the router and then turn it on.
Press Break on the terminal keyboard within 60 seconds of the powerup to put the router into ROMMON.
If the break sequence doesn't work, try CTRL+BREAK or use the terminal program to send the break as an ascii code.
Type o/r 0x2142 at the > prompt to boot from Flash without loading the configuration.
Type i at the > prompt.
The router reboots but ignores its saved configuration.
Type no after each setup question or press Ctrl-C to skip the initial setup procedure.
Type enable at the Router> prompt.
You'll be in enable mode and see the Router# prompt.
Important Type config mem or copy start running to copy the nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) into memory. Do not type config term.
Type wr term or show running.
The show running and wr term commands show the configuration of the router. In this configuration you see under all the interfaces the shutdown command, which means all interfaces are currently shutdown. Also, you can see the passwords either in encrypted or unencrypted format.
Type config term and make the changes.
The prompt is now hostname(config)#.
Type enable secret .
Issue the no shutdown command on every interface that is used. If you issue a show ip interface brief command, every interface that you want to use should be "up up".
Type config-register 0x2102, or the value you recorded in step 2.
Press Ctrl-z to leave the configuration mode.
The prompt is now hostname#.
Type write mem or copy running startup to commit the changes.
Example of Password Recovery on a Cisco 2500
The example shown here is password recovery on a Cisco 2500.
Router>en
Password:
Password:
Password:
% Bad secrets
Router>show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 06-Dec-99 17:10 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x0306C4E0, data-base: 0x00001000
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE
BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-RXBOOT), Version 10.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Router uptime is 5 minutes
System returned to ROM by power-on
System image file is "flash:/c2500-js-l.120-7.T"
cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 8192K/2048K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID 02315272, with hardware revision 00000000
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).
TN3270 Emulation software.
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
1 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s)
2 Serial network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
Configuration register is 0x2102
Router>
!--- The router was just powercycled and during bootup a
!--- break sequence was sent to the router.
!
Abort at 0x10EA83C (PC)
>o/r 0x2142
>i
System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1986-1995 by cisco Systems
2500 processor with 8192 Kbytes of main memory
F3: 13626872+197596+780568 at 0x3000060
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 06-Dec-99 17:10 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x0306C4E0, data-base: 0x00001000
cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 8192K/2048K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID 02315272, with hardware revision 00000000
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).
TN3270 Emulation software.
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
1 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s)
2 Serial network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
--- System Configuration Dialog ---
Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]:
!--- Ctrl-C pressed
!
Press RETURN to get started!
00:00:08: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
00:00:08: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
00:00:08: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1, changed state to up
00:00:09: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
00:00:09: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to up
00:01:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
00:01:29: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0Translating "Router"...domain server (255.255.255.255)
, changed state to up
00:01:30: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to up
00:01:31: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 06-Dec-99 17:10 by phanguye
00:01:32: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
00:01:33: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to administratively down
00:01:33: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to administratively down
00:01:33: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1, changed state to administratively down
00:01:33: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface TokenRing0, changed state to administratively down
00:01:34: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to down
00:01:34: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down
00:01:34: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TokenRing0, changed state to down
Router>en
Router#copy start run
Destination filename [running-config]?
1278 bytes copied in 10.448 secs (127 bytes/sec)
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#enable secret Cisco
Router(config)#int e0
Router(config-if)#no shut
*Mar 1 00:04:12.863: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:04:13.947: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#int s0
Router(config-if)#no shut
*Mar 1 00:04:18.107: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:04:19.167: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#int s1
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:04:27.055: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:04:28.071: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#config-register 0x2102
Router(config)#^Z
Router#wr mem
*Mar 1 00:05:09.035: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router#
Disclaimer: The customer acknowledges that the examples provided in this document are solely for illustrative purposes. Further, the customer both understands and agrees that the information in the examples may need to be modified to assure proper functioning on his/her own computer system(s).
Verio is not liable for any negative consequences arising from the improper use or modification of the provided examples.

CCDA Study Material

CCDA Certification:

Cisco Certified Design Associate (CCDA®) indicates a foundation level knowledge of network design for Cisco converged networks. CCDA certified professionals can design routed and switched network infrastructures and services involving LAN, WAN, and broadband access for businesses and organizations.

Download Link:

CCDA Study Material


(thanks)

CIPT Dumps

Exam: 642-446
Title: Implementing Cisco Unified Communications Manager Part 1 CIPT-1 V6.0
Actual Test Updated on: 15-10-2008

Exam: 642-456
Title: Implementing Cisco Unified Communications Manager Part 2 CIPT-1 V6.0
Actual Test Updated on: 21-07-2008

Download Links:

CIPT Part1

CIPT Part2

CCNA LABs

Pass4Sure CCNA 640-802 Preparation LABs:

Download link:

P4S CCNA Preparation Labs

EIGRP (New):

After adding RTR_2 router, no routing updates are being exchanged between RTR_1 and the new location. All other inter connectivity and internet access for the existing locations of the company are working properly.

The task is to identify the fault(s) and correct the router configuration to provide full connectivity between the routers.
Access to the router CLI can be gained by clicking on the appropriate host.
All passwords on all routers are cisco.

IP addresses are listed in the chart below.

Solution to the Simulation:

Check the running configuration of all the routers and routing protocol information and note the anomalies where sighted/found ......

RTR_A#show run

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.60.97 255.255.255.240

!
interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.60.113 255.255.255.240

!

interface Serial0/0

ip address 192.168.36.14 255.255.255.252

clockrate 64000

!

router eigrp 212

network 192.168.36.0

network 192.168.60.0

no auto-summary

!

RTR_A#show ip route

!

192.168.36.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.36.12 is directly connected, Serial 0/0

192.168.60.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.60.96/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.60.112/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

D 192.168.60.128/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.36.13, 00:00:57, Serial 0/0

D 192.168.60.144/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.36.13, 00:00:57, Serial 0/0

D 192.168.60.24/30 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.36.13, 00:00:57, Serial 0/0

D* 198.0.18.0 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.36.13, 00:00:57, Serial 0/0

!

--------------------

RTR_2#show run

!

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.77.34 255.255.255.252

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.60.65 255.255.255.240

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 192.168.60.81 255.255.255.240

!

!

router eigrp 22

network 192.168.77.0

network 192.168.60.0

no auto-summary

!

RTR_2#show ip route

!

192.168.60.0/28 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets

C 192.168.60.80 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

C 192.168.60.64 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

192.168.77.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.77.32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

!

----------------------

RTR_B#show run

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.60.129 255.255.255.240

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.60.145 255.255.255.240

!

interface Serial0/1

ip address 192.168.60.26 255.255.255.252

!

router eigrp 212

network 192.168.60.0

!

RTR_B#show ip route

!

192.168.60.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.60.24/30 is directly connected, Serial0/1

C 192.168.60.128/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.168.60.144/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

D 192.168.60.96/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.25, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

D 192.168.60.112/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.25, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

192.168.36.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 192.168.36.12 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.25, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

D* 198.0.18.0 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.25, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

!

--------------------

RTR_1#show run

!

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.77.33 255.255.255.252

!

interface Serial1/0

ip address 198.0.18.6 255.255.255.0

!

!

interface Serial0/0

ip address 192.168.36.13 255.255.255.252

clockrate 64000

!

interface Serial0/1

ip address 192.168.60.25 255.255.255.252

clockrate 64000

!

!

router eigrp 212

network 192.168.36.0

network 192.168.60.0

network 192.168.85.0

network 198.0.18.0

no auto-summary

!

ip classless

ip default-network 198.0.18.0

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.0.18.5

ip http server

RTR_1#show ip route

!

192.168.36.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.36.12 is directly connected, Serial 0/0

192.168.60.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.60.24/30 is directly connected, Serial0/1

D 192.168.60.128/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.26, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

D 192.168.60.144/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.60.26, 00:00:57, Serial 0/1

D 192.168.60.96/28 [ 90/21026560 ] via 192.168.36.14, 00:00:57, Serial 0/0

192.168.77.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.77.32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 192.0.18.0/24 is directly connected, Serial 1/0

*S 0.0.0.0 via 198.0.18.5

!

---------------

Explanation, Fault Identification and Correction

Step1: Simulation understanding

Identify the faults in configuration on RTR_1 and RTR_2.

As the SIM specifies all other inter connectivity and internet access for the existing locations of the company are working properly.

Routing Protocols used in the SIM is EIGRP with AS 212 as provided by exhibit.

Faults Identified:

1. Wrong AS (EIGRP 22) provided at RTR_2 (New router),
2. RTR_1 does not advertise the new network between RTR_1 and RTR_2 into EIGRP.

We need to correct the above two configuration mistakes to have full connectivity

Correction:

Step2:

Correcting the EIGRP AS to 212 & Advertise the routes

Wrong AS (EIGRP 22) provided at RTR_2 (New router). All routers that want to exchange routes within EIGRP needs to be in same Autonomous System.

First we need to remove the current wrong EIGRP AS 22 from Router RTR_2

Click on Host-F to get CLI of RTR_2

RTR_2>enable

Password : cisco (Provided in the simulation)

RTR_2#conf t

RTR_2(conf)#

Removing the wrong EIGRP routing process with AS 22

RTR_2(conf)#no router eigrp 22

The above statement removes all the EIGRP configuration configured for AS 22

Adding the correct EIGRP configuration. Start the EIGRP routing process with AS 212

RTR_2(conf)#router eigrp 212

Advertise the directly connected networks into EIGRP on RTR_2

Fa 0/0 - 192.168.77.34

Fa 1/0 - 192.168.60.81

Fa 0/1 - 192.168.60.65

RTR_2(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0

RTR_2(config-router)#network 192.168.77.0

RTR_2(config-router)#no auto-summary

RTR_2(config-router)#end

Note: Necessary step, save the changes made to router RTR_2

RTR_2#copy run start

Step 3:

RTR_1 does not advertise the new network between RTR_1 and RTR_2 into EIGRP.

Click on Host-G to get CLI of RTR_1

The network 192.168.77.0 is used between RTR_1 Fa0/0 - RTR_2 Fa 0/0.

This network needs to be advertise into EIGRP routing process at RTR_1

RTR_1>enable

Password : cisco (Provided in simulation)

RTR_1#conf t

RTR_1(conf)#

Enter EIGRP routing process for AS 212

RTR_1(conf)#router eigrp 212

The network 192.168.77.0 is used between RTR_1 Fa0/0 - RTR_2 Fa 0/0 .

Advertise this network into EIGRP

RTR_1(config-router)#network 192.168.77.0

RTR_1(config-router)#end

Important save the changes made to router

RTR_1RTR_1#copy run start

From RTR_2 CLI ping RTR_1 Serial 1/0 IP address 198.0.18.6

RTR_2#ping 198.0.18.6

!!!!!

A successful ping shows the new RTR_2 will have full connectivity with other routers.

(Thanks)

CCNP Labs

The following LABs are for your practice, make sure you have done all the labs before appearing in the certification online exams.

Download Links
-----------------------
BSCI LABs

BCMSN LABs

ISCW LABs

ONT LABs

--------------------------
(thanks)

CCNA 640-802 Study Material

Associate

The first step in general Cisco Career Certifications begins either with CCENT as an interim step to Associate level, or directly with CCNA for network operations or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate level as the apprentice or foundation level of networking certification.


CCENT
CCNA
CCDA
CCNA Voice
CCNA Wireless
CCNA Security


Study Material

ICND1 (640-822)
ICND2 (640-816)
CCNA Portable Command Guide 2008
CCNA 640-802: Sybex Study Guide 6th Edition

CCNP CBTs

CBT Nuggets Exam-Pack: 642-901 BSCI (Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks) :

The BSCI series, at its core, is all about routing. You'll immerse yourself in the features and functionalities of Cisco routers. This includes deploying, managing, and optimizing the performance of Cisco routers. Major topics in this series include EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, Advanced Routing, BGP, Multicast, and IPv6.

Download Links

Bsci.part1.rar

Bsci.part2.rar

Bsci.part3.rar

Bsci.part4.rar

CBT Nuggets Exam-Pack: 642-812 BCMSN (Building Converged Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks)

BCMSN is all about deploying, managing, and optimizing Cisco switches. You'll learn the role of switches in your Cisco network, including smart network design for today's networking needs. Major topics in this series include VLANs, STP, Ether Channel, Layer 3 Switching, Redundancy, Wireless LANs, Campus VoIP, and Campus Security.

Download Links

Bcmsn.part1.rar

Bcmsn.part2.rar

Bcmsn.part3.rar

Bcmsn.part4.rar

CBT Nuggets Exam-Pack: 642-825 ISCW (Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks)

In the ISCW series you'll learn how to create and manage secure, robust remote access solutions. In today's world of frequent telecommuting and distant offices throughout the globe, this topic is getting bigger than ever. Major topics you'll learn include understanding WAN technologies, Multiprotocol Label Switching, configuring IPSec VPNs, and securing your network.

Download Links

ISCW.part1.rar

ISCW.part2.rar

CBT Nuggets Exam-Pack: 642-845 ONT (Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks)

The ONT series covers how to configure your network to support rich media traffic including Voice over IP and video conferencing. The throughput and quality of service required for these technologies is higher than normal data traffic, and requires these advanced skills. Major topics in this series include understanding and implementing VoIP technologies, managing Quality of Service, and the special considerations for supporting convergence technologies on wireless networks.

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Cisco CCDA Design Training Exam 640-861 DESGN

This CCDA training is cutting edge and focuses on the newest Cisco PDIOO (Plan, Design, Implement, Operate, Optimize) analysis and methodology as well as teaching Cisco Enterprise Composite Network Modeling as the next generation beyond the Cisco 3-layer Design (Access/Distribution/Core). You'll learn modular analysis and modeling along with the newest multilayer switching technology, routing essentials, IP telephony, IP addressing with NAT and IPv6, Management and more.
Instructor Michael Shannon has broken the topics down into easy to understand segments filled with information that you can readily put to use on the job. If you are already certified as a CCNA, this training will give you a lot of background and theory on network design to make you a more knowledgeable and effective IT professional.
Exam 640-861 DESGN is the only exam required to earn the Cisco Certified Design Associate certification. A basic understanding of Cisco networking such as a CCNA certification or equivalent knowledge is recommended before viewing these videos. The training contains 16 videos providing more than 8 hours of instruction.
CD-ROM Contents: Cisco CCDA-DESGN Training
- Network Design Principles (Part 1): Policies, Procedures, and the PDIOO Method
- Network Design Principles (Part 2): Recognizing Customer Needs
- Network Design Principles (Part 3): 8-Step Design Methodology
- Modular Network Solutions (Part 1): The Cisco Enterprise Network Model
- Modular Network Solutions (Part 2): Modular Network Solutions and Intelligent Services
- Basic Switching Design Methods (Part 1): Layer 1 through Layer 3 Technologies
- Basic Switching Design Methods (Part 2): Enterprise Campus Switching Design Methods
- Choosing Your Routing Protocol (Part 1): RIPv2, IGRP, and EIGRP Comparisons
- Choosing Your Routing Protocol (Part 2): OSPF, IS-IS, and BGP4 Comparisons
- Basic WAN Design (Part 1): Enterprise Edge WAN Design, Planning and Technologies
- Basic WAN Design (Part 2): WAN, VPN, and Internet Backup Solutions
- IP Address Design Techniques
- Designing Voice Networks
- Assessing Network Security
- Designing Network Management

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Cisco CCDA Design Training Exam 640-861 DESGN

CCNP Dumps

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CCNP: BSCI (642-901)Version 3.10

CCNP: BCMSN (642-812) Version 3.10

CCNP: ISCW (642-825) Version 3.10

CCNP: ONT (642-845)Version 3.10

CCNP: BSCI and BCMSN Composite (642-892)Version 3.27

CCNP: BSCI and BCMSN Composite (642-892)Version 3.23

Certifications Overview

General Certifications and Focused Certifications:

The first step in general Cisco Career Certifications begins either with CCENT as an interim step to Associate level, or directly with CCNA for network operations or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate level as the apprentice or foundation level of networking certification

General Certifications: Three Levels of Certification

Associate: The first step in Cisco networking begins at the Associate level, which also includes CCENT, an interim step to Associates for those with little job experience. Think of the Associate level as the apprentice or foundation level of networking certification.
Professional. This is the advanced or journeyman level of certification.
Expert. This is CCIE, the highest level of achievement for network professionals, certifying an individual as an expert or master.

General Certifications: Six Different Paths

Routing and Switching: This path is for professionals who install and support Cisco technology-based networks in which LAN and WAN routers and switches reside.
Design: This path is aimed at professionals who design Cisco technology-based networks in which LAN and WAN routers and switches reside.
Network Security: This path is directed toward network professionals who design and implement Cisco Secure networks.
Service Provider: This path is aimed at professionals working with infrastructure or access solutions in a Cisco end-to-end environment primarily within the telecommunications arena.
Storage Networking: This path is for professionals who implement storage solutions over extended network infrastructure using multiple transport options.
Voice: This path is directed toward network professionals who install and maintain Voice solutions over IP networks.

Focused Certifications: Specialist

A variety of Specialist focused certifications are available to show knowledge in specific technologies, solutions, or job role. New certifications are added to this list regularly.

Security Device Manager-1

This chapter provides information and commands concerning the following topics:
• Security Device Manager: Connecting with CLI
• Security Device Manager: Connecting with GUI
• SDM Express Wizard with no CLI preconfiguration
• Resetting the router to factory defaults using SDM
• SDM user interfaces
— Configuring interfaces using SDM
— Configuring routing using SDM
• SDM monitor mode
• Using SDM to configure a router to act as a DHCP server
• Using SDM to configure an interface as a DHCP client
• Using SDM to configure NAT/PAT
• What to do if you lose SDM connectivity because of an erase startup-config command

Security Device Manager: Connecting with CLI

NOTE: Cisco recommends that you use the Cisco Router and Security Device Manager (SDM) to configure your router. However, Cisco also realizes that most implementations of a router with SDM will be to use the command- line interface (CLI) for initial configuration; then, after the routers have been added to the network, all future configuration will take place using SDM.

If you have a router that has the SDM files already installed on it, console into the router and power the router on. If there is no configuration on the router, the Startup Wizard will appear.

Cisco Router and Security Device Manager (SDM) is installed on this device. This feature requires the one-time use of the username “cisco” With the password “cisco”. The default username and password have a privilege level of 15

Please change the publicly known initial credentials using SDM or the CLI.

Here are the cisco IOS commands

Username privilege 15
secret 0
No username cisco

Replace and with the username and password you want to use.

For more information about SDM please follow the instructions in the QUICK START GUIDE for
your router or go to http://www.cisco.com/go/sdm

User Access Verification

Username:cisco
(Enter username cisco)

Password:xxxxx
(Enter password cisco)

yourname#
(Now at CLI prompt)

yourname#configure terminal
(Moves to global configuration mode.)
yourname(config)#username scott
privilege 15 secret 0 tower

Sets the local username and password for working with SDM. This takes effect after you save the configuration to NVRAM and reload the router.

yourname(config)#no username cisco

Removes the default username of cisco from the configuration.

yourname(config)#hostname 2821

Sets the host name of the router

2821(config)#no ip http access-class 23

Removes ACL 23 from the configuration

NOTE: Access list 23 is an access control list (ACL) that permits only addresses from the 10.10.10.0/29 subnet to access the router through the GUI. This ACL was part of the default configuration of the router when it was shipped from Cisco. If you are going to change the IP address of the LAN interface and then use the GUI to configure the rest of the router, you need to remove this ACL so that using the GUI will work.

2821(config)#interface gigabitethernet 0/0

Moves to interface configuration mode

2821(config-if)#ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
Sets the IP address and netmask

2821(config-if)#no shutdown
Enables the interface

2821(config-if)#exit
Returns to global configuration mode

2821(config)#exit
Returns to privileged mode

2821#copy running-config startup-config
Saves the configuration to NVRAM

From here, you can either continue configuring the router with the CLI or you can connect to the router using the GUI and continue the configuration using SDM, which is explained in the next section.

Security Device Manager: Connecting with GUI

SDM has, by default, a one-time username and password set on a router. This one-time username/password combination is cisco/cisco. Plug your router’s first Fast Ethernet (or Gigabit Ethernet) port into a switch. Plug your PC into the same switch. Configure your PC’s IP address to be 10.10.10.2/29 (10.10.10.2 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.248). Open your PC’s Internet browser and enter the following command in the browser’s address bar: http://10.10.10.1/

You will see a screen similar to the one shown in Figure 29-1. This is where you will use the username/password combination of cisco/cisco.

NOTE: If you have begun your configuration through the CLI, as shown in the previous section, you need to set your PC’s address to 192.168.100.2/24 or something else in the 192.168.100.0/24 network. You cannot use 192.168.100.1/24 because that was the address you set on your router’s Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet interface. You also use the username and password credentials that you have previously configured from the CLI, and not the default credentials

Figure 29-1 Connect to Router Challenge Window

From here, you will see a pop-up asking you whether you want to use HTTP or HTTPS, as shown in Figure 29-2. Click OK to use HTTPS, or click Cancel to use HTTP. This example uses HTTPS.

Figure 29-2 HTTP or HTTPS

You might be asked to enter your username/password combination again or to accept a digital signature from Cisco IOS Software. If you are challenged, go ahead and enter cisco/cisco or the username/password configured in CLI. If you are asked to verify a digital signature, click OK.

NOTE: If you have already started your configuration from the CLI, you do not need to go through the next section.

SDM Express Wizard with No CLI Preconfiguration

If you are connecting to the router through the GUI and there is no configuration on the router, you are taken to the first screen of the Cisco SDM Express Wizard, shown in Figure 29-3. Click Next to continue, or click Cancel to exit the wizard.

Figure 29-3 Welcome to the Cisco SDM Express Wizard

Figure 29-4 shows the first screen of the SDM Express Wizard—the basic configuration. Here, you enter such information as your router’s name, the domain to which the router belongs, the username and password of the device, and the enable secret password.

Figure 29-4 Basic Configuration

Figure 29-5 shows the next screen—Router Provisioning. Here, you provision (set up) this router using one of two choices—SDM Express or a CNS Server. Continue using SDM Express by leaving that radio button checked and clicking Next to continue.

Figure 29-5 Router Provisioning

The screen in Figure 29-6 asks you to configure the LAN interface on the router. The router
in this example is a 2821, so you have Gigabit Ethernet LAN interfaces, along with VLAN
1 to choose from. If you are using a 2811, you have Fast Ethernet interfaces to choose from.
Change the IP address on the LAN from the default 10.10.10.1 to 192.168.100.1/24, and
then click Next.

Figure 29-6 LAN Interface Configuration

Figure 29-7 shows the DHCP Server Configuration screen, where you can configure the router to act as a DHCP server for other hosts on the LAN. For the purposes of this example, you are not going to configure the DHCP server, so click Next.

Figure 29-7 DHCP Server Configuration

The next item to set up on the router is the WAN interface. Although you have three possible
WAN interfaces, as shown in Figure 29-8, you are allowed to configure only one interface through the SDM Express Wizard. For the interface you want to configure, highlight that
interface and click Add Connection. From here, you are taken to another window asking
you to configure each interface—IP address, encapsulation type, subnet mask, and so on.
Figure 29-9 and Figure 29-10 show the screens where you enter this information. Enter all
the appropriate information in each screen, click OK, and then click Next when done.

Figure 29-8 WAN Configuration

Figure 29-9 Add Serial Connection

Figure 29-11 shows the Advanced Options for the Internet (WAN) interface, where you are
asked to set up a default route for your router. Enter the appropriate information, if needed,
or uncheck the Create Default Route box if you do not want a default route set; then
click Next.

Figure 29-10 Add Gigabit Ethernet Connection

Figure 29-11 Internet (WAN)—Advanced Options

The next screen of the SDM Express Wizard asks whether you want to enable Network
Address Translation (NAT) on this router. Figure 29-12 shows the main screen, and
Figure 29-13 shows the pop-up window that appears when you want to add an address
translation rule. When you have finished entering your NAT information, click Next.

Figure 29-12 Internet (WAN)—Private IP Addresses

Figure 29-13 Add Address Translation Rule

Figure 29-14 shows the Security Configuration Screen, where you can select different security settings for the router. If you are unsure about what to select, leave the default settings of everything checked, and then click Next.

Figure 29-14 Security Configuration

Figure 29-15 shows a summary for the SDM Express configuration. Here, you can scroll up
and down to see the summary of changes that you made to the router. If you are satisfied with the changes, click Finish. If not, click Back and make your changes.

Figure 29-15 Cisco SDM Express Configuration

Cisco SDM Express provides final instructions on how to reconnect to the router if you made changes to the LAN interface, as shown in Figure 29-16.

Figure 29-16 Reconnection Instructions

After resetting your PC’s address to one in the same subnet as the router’s LAN interface,
restart your Internet browser and enter the router’s LAN interface address in the address bar.
You might be asked to select either HTTP or HTTPS, as shown in Figure 29-2. Depending
on your browser setup, you might be asked for your username/password again, or be asked
to disable pop-ups. SDM needs pop-ups enabled to function.
Figure 29-17 shows the screen that appears when SDM is loading up into the browser. You
might be asked to enter your username/password combination again, or to accept a digital
signature from Cisco IOS Software. If you are challenged, go ahead and enter your new
username and password. If you are asked to verify a digital signature, click OK.
Figure 29-18 shows the home screen of the SDM. From here, you can go to other screens
to configure and monitor the status of the router.

Figure 29-17 Loading Cisco SDM

Figure 29-18 Cisco SDM Home Page

Resetting the Router to Factory Defaults Using SDM

Starting at the SDM home page, to reset the router back to factory defaults, first click the
Configure button at the top of the SDM screen, and then clickAdditional Tasks on the left
side of the screen under the Tasks column. Depending on the resolution of your desktop,
you might have to scroll down on the left side of the screen to see the Additional Tasks
button.
The Additional Tasks screen contains a section called Configuration Management, as
shown in Figure 29-19. One of the options here is Reset to Factory Defaults. This screen
shows you how to reconnect to the router after resetting it. Click the Reset Router button
to start the process. A pop-up will appear asking you to confirm your desire to reset the
router. Clicking Yes resets the router. Another pop-up will appear asking you to relaunch
SDM to continue, as shown in Figure 29-20.

Figure 29-19 Resetting the Router

Figure 29-20 Relaunch SDM to Continue

Security Device Manager-2

SDM User Interfaces

Many screens within SDM allow you to perform different tasks, as described in the sections that follow.
Configuring Interfaces Using SDM
Starting from the home page, click Configure from the top line and then Interfaces and Connections on the category bar on the left side of the screen under the Tasks column. Here
you will be shown a screen link, as displayed in Figure 29-21.

Figure 29-21 Interfaces and Connections

To configure an interface that has not been previously configured, select the connection you
want to make and click the Create New Connection button. You are taken to a wizard screen that looks like Figure 29-22. For this example, you want to configure the other LAN interface on this router, GigabitEthernet 0/1. Choose the interface you want to configure, and then click Next.

Figure 29-22 LAN Wizard


Figure 29-23 shows the first screen of the wizard, which provides information about what the wizard will be able to accomplish. Click Next to continue to the next screen.

Figure 29-23 LAN Wizard

Figure 29-24 shows the next screen of the wizard. If you want this interface to be a gateway for a LAN, with no trunking involved, select the Configure this interface for straight routing option, and then click the Next button to continue.

Figure 29-24 LAN Wizard


In the next screen, shown in Figure 29-25, you can assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface. Click Next to continue.

Figure 29-25 LAN Wizard: IP Address and Subnet Mask


After assigning the IP address and subnet mask, you are taken to the next screen of the wizard (shown in Figure 29-26), which asks whether you want to enable a DHCP server on this interface. The default answer is No. Click Next to continue.

Figure 29-26 LAN Wizard: DHCP Server


Figure 29-27 shows the final screen of the wizard, where you see a summary of what you have configured. If you want to test the connectivity of the interface, check the box at the bottom of the screen, Test the connectivity after configuring, and click Finish, or just click Finish to send your changes to the router for implementation.

Figure 29-27 LAN Wizard: Summary

After the configuration is sent to the router, you are taken back to the Interfaces and Connections screen. If you want to make changes to your interfaces, choose the Edit Interface/Connection tab, highlight the interface you want to edit, and click the Edit button. Here you can makes changes to the address or subnet mask; you can also associate ACL or inspection rules to the interface. NAT and quality of service (QoS) options can also be edited from here.

Configuring Routing Using SDM
Starting from the SDM home page, Figure 29-28 shows the screen that appears when you click Configure from the top line and then Routing on the category bar on the left side of the screen under the Tasks column.

Figure 29-28 Routing

Clicking the Add button in the middle of the Static Routing section allows you to create a static route, as shown in Figure 29-29. Clicking the Edit button on the right side of the Dynamic Routing section of this screen allows you to configure the dynamic routing protocols of RIP, Open Shortest Path First Protocol (OSPF), and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), as shown in Figure 29-30.

Figure 29-29 Add IP Static Route


Figure 29-30 Edit IP Dynamic Routing

SDM Monitor Mode

Figure 29-31 shows the monitor mode of the SDM. Monitor mode lets you view current information about the router, its interfaces, its firewall status, active VPN connections, and
any messages in the router event log.

Figure 29-31 SDM Monitor Mode

The following table describes how to navigate through the SDM monitor mode to accomplish some key tasks.

Task/SDM Navigation

View information about router interfaces:

From the toolbar, click Monitor Mode, and then in the left frame, click Interface Status. From the Select Interface field on the upper-left side of the Interface Status window, select the interface for which you want to view information, and then in the Available Items group, select the information you want to view.

View graphs of CPU or memory usage:

From the toolbar, click Monitor Mode, and then click the Overview page.

View information about the firewall:

From the toolbar, click Monitor Mode,and then in the left frame, click Firewall Status.

View information about VPN Connections

From the toolbar, click Monitor Mode, and then in the left frame, click VPN Status. From the Select a Category field, select whether to view information about Internet Key Exchange security associations (IKE SA), IPsec Tunnels, or Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN) Tunnels.

View messages in the router event log
From the toolbar, click Monitor Mode,and then in the left frame, click Logging.

Using SDM to Configure a Router to Act as a DHCP Server

From the home page of the SDM, click Configure, and then click Additional Tasks from the category bar on the left side under Tasks. From there, you should see the section titled DHCP on the left side of the Configure window (see Figure 29-32).

Figure 29-32 Additional Tasks: DHCP

Click DHCP Pools to bring up a screen showing you which DHCP pools have already been created. Click theAdd button to create a new DHCP pool from the screen in Figure 29-33.

Figure 29-33 Add DHCP Pool


After entering your DHCP Information, click OK. You should see a pop-up window that
shows the status of the commands being delivered to the router, as shown in Figure 29-34.

Figure 29-34 Command Delivery Status

As shown in Figure 29-35, clicking the DHCP Pool Status button will show you which IP
addresses have been leased out in this DHCP pool.

Figure 29-35 DHCP Pool Status